API VIP
In OKD version 4, you can install a cluster on your
VMware vSphere instance by using installer-provisioned infrastructure with customized network configuration options. By customizing your network configuration, your cluster can coexist with existing IP address allocations in your environment and integrate with existing MTU and VXLAN configurations. To customize the installation, you modify parameters in the install-config.yaml
file before you install the cluster.
You must set most of the network configuration parameters during installation, and you can modify only kubeProxy
configuration parameters in a running cluster.
Provision
persistent storage
for your cluster. To deploy a private image registry, your storage must provide
ReadWriteMany
access modes.
Ensure that your vSphere server has only one datacenter and cluster. If it has multiple datacenters and clusters, it also has multiple default root resource pools, and the worker nodes will not provision during installation.
Review details about the OKD installation and update processes.
If you use a firewall, you must configure it to allow the sites that your cluster requires access to.
Be sure to also review this site list if you are configuring a proxy. |
You must install the OKD cluster on a VMware vSphere version 6 or 7 instance that meets the requirements for the components that you use.
Component | Minimum supported versions | Description |
---|---|---|
Hypervisor |
vSphere 6.5 and later with HW version 13 |
This version is the minimum version that Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) supports. See the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 supported hypervisors list. |
Networking (NSX-T) |
vSphere 6.5U3 or vSphere 6.7U2 and later |
vSphere 6.5U3 or vSphere 6.7U2+ are required for OKD. VMware’s NSX Container Plug-in (NCP) is certified with OKD 4.6 and NSX-T 3.x+. |
Storage with in-tree drivers |
vSphere 6.5 and later |
This plug-in creates vSphere storage by using the in-tree storage drivers for vSphere included in OKD and can be used when vSphere CSI drivers are not available. |
Storage with vSphere CSI driver |
vSphere 6.7U3 and later |
This plug-in creates vSphere storage by using the standard Container Storage Interface. The vSphere CSI driver is provided and supported by VMware. |
If you use a vSphere version 6.5 instance, consider upgrading to 6.7U3 or 7.0 before you install OKD.
You must ensure that the time on your ESXi hosts is synchronized before you install OKD. See Edit Time Configuration for a Host in the VMware documentation. |
A limitation of using VPC is that the Storage Distributed Resource Scheduler (SDRS) is not supported. See vSphere Storage for Kubernetes FAQs in the VMware documentation. |
Before you install an OKD cluster on your vCenter that uses infrastructure that the installer provisions, you must prepare your environment.
To install an OKD cluster in a vCenter, the installation program requires access to an account with privileges to read and create the required resources. Using an account that has administrative privileges is the simplest way to access all of the necessary permissions.
A user requires the following privileges to install an OKD cluster:
Datastore
Allocate space
Browse datastore
Low level file operations
Remove file
Folder
Create folder
Delete folder
vSphere Tagging
All privileges
Network
Assign network
Resource
Assign virtual machine to resource pool
Profile-driven storage
All privileges
vApp
All privileges
Virtual machine
All privileges
For more information about creating an account with only the required privileges, see vSphere Permissions and User Management Tasks in the vSphere documentation.
When you deploy an OKD cluster that uses installer-provisioned infrastructure, the installation program must be able to create several resources in your vCenter instance.
A standard OKD installation creates the following vCenter resources:
1 Folder
1 Tag category
1 Tag
Virtual machines:
1 template
1 temporary bootstrap node
3 control plane nodes
3 compute machines
Although these resources use 856 GB of storage, the bootstrap node is destroyed during the cluster installation process. A minimum of 800 GB of storage is required to use a standard cluster.
If you deploy more compute machines, the OKD cluster will use more storage.
Available resources vary between clusters. The number of possible clusters within a vCenter is limited primarily by available storage space and any limitations on the number of required resources. Be sure to consider both limitations to the vCenter resources that the cluster creates and the resources that you require to deploy a cluster, such as IP addresses and networks.
You must use DHCP for the network and ensure that the DHCP server is configured to provide persistent IP addresses to the cluster machines. Additionally, you must create the following networking resources before you install the OKD cluster:
An installer-provisioned vSphere installation requires two static IP addresses:
The API address is used to access the cluster API.
The Ingress address is used for cluster ingress traffic.
You must provide these IP addresses to the installation program when you install the OKD cluster.
You must create DNS records for two static IP addresses in the appropriate DNS server for the vCenter instance that hosts your OKD cluster. In each record, <cluster_name>
is the cluster name and <base_domain>
is the cluster base domain that you specify when you install the cluster. A complete DNS record takes the form: <component>.<cluster_name>.<base_domain>.
.
Component | Record | Description |
---|---|---|
API VIP |
|
This DNS A/AAAA or CNAME record must point to the load balancer for the control plane machines. This record must be resolvable by both clients external to the cluster and from all the nodes within the cluster. |
Ingress VIP |
|
A wildcard DNS A/AAAA or CNAME record that points to the load balancer that targets the machines that run the Ingress router pods, which are the worker nodes by default. This record must be resolvable by both clients external to the cluster and from all the nodes within the cluster. |
If you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery on your cluster, you must provide an SSH key to both your ssh-agent
and the installation program. You can use this key to access the bootstrap machine in a public cluster to troubleshoot installation issues.
In a production environment, you require disaster recovery and debugging. |
You can use this key to SSH into the master nodes as the user core
. When you
deploy the cluster, the key is added to the core
user’s
~/.ssh/authorized_keys
list.
You must use a local key, not one that you configured with platform-specific approaches such as AWS key pairs. |
On clusters running Fedora CoreOS (FCOS), the SSH keys specified in the Ignition config files are written to the |
If you do not have an SSH key that is configured for password-less authentication on your computer, create one. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:
$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -N '' \
-f <path>/<file_name> (1)
1 | Specify the path and file name, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa , of the new SSH key. |
Running this command generates an SSH key that does not require a password in the location that you specified.
Start the ssh-agent
process as a background task:
$ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
Agent pid 31874
Add your SSH private key to the ssh-agent
:
$ ssh-add <path>/<file_name> (1)
Identity added: /home/<you>/<path>/<file_name> (<computer_name>)
1 | Specify the path and file name for your SSH private key, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa |
When you install OKD, provide the SSH public key to the installation program.
Before you install OKD, download the installation file on a local computer.
A computer that runs Linux or macOS, with 500 MB of local disk space
Download installer from https://github.com/openshift/okd/releases
The installation program creates several files on the computer that you use to install your cluster. You must keep both the installation program and the files that the installation program creates after you finish installing the cluster. |
Deleting the files created by the installation program does not remove your cluster, even if the cluster failed during installation. To remove your cluster, complete the OKD uninstallation procedures for your specific cloud provider. |
Extract the installation program. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:
$ tar xvf openshift-install-linux.tar.gz
From the
Pull Secret page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site, download your installation pull secret as a .txt
file. This pull secret allows you to authenticate with the services that
are provided by the included authorities, including Quay.io, which serves the
container images for OKD components.
Because the installation program requires access to your vCenter’s API, you must add your vCenter’s trusted root CA certificates to your system trust before you install an OKD cluster.
From the vCenter home page, download the vCenter’s root CA certificates. Click Download trusted root CA certificates in the vSphere Web Services SDK section. The <vCenter>/certs/download.zip
file downloads.
Extract the compressed file that contains the vCenter root CA certificates. The contents of the compressed file resemble the following file structure:
certs ├── lin │ ├── 108f4d17.0 │ ├── 108f4d17.r1 │ ├── 7e757f6a.0 │ ├── 8e4f8471.0 │ └── 8e4f8471.r0 ├── mac │ ├── 108f4d17.0 │ ├── 108f4d17.r1 │ ├── 7e757f6a.0 │ ├── 8e4f8471.0 │ └── 8e4f8471.r0 └── win ├── 108f4d17.0.crt ├── 108f4d17.r1.crl ├── 7e757f6a.0.crt ├── 8e4f8471.0.crt └── 8e4f8471.r0.crl 3 directories, 15 files
Add the files for your operating system to the system trust. For example, on a Fedora operating system, run the following command:
# cp certs/lin/* /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors
Update your system trust. For example, on a Fedora operating system, run the following command:
# update-ca-trust extract
You can customize the OKD cluster you install on
VMware vSphere.
Obtain the OKD installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.
Create the install-config.yaml
file.
Run the following command:
$ ./openshift-install create install-config --dir=<installation_directory> (1)
1 | For <installation_directory> , specify the directory name to store the
files that the installation program creates. |
Specify an empty directory. Some installation assets, like bootstrap X.509 certificates have short expiration intervals, so you must not reuse an installation directory. If you want to reuse individual files from another cluster installation, you can copy them into your directory. However, the file names for the installation assets might change between releases. Use caution when copying installation files from an earlier OKD version. |
At the prompts, provide the configuration details for your cloud:
Optional: Select an SSH key to use to access your cluster machines.
For production OKD clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery, specify an SSH key that your |
Select vsphere as the platform to target.
Specify the name of your vCenter instance.
Specify the user name and password for the vCenter account that has the required permissions to create the cluster.
The installation program connects to your vCenter instance.
Select the datacenter in your vCenter instance to connect to.
Select the default vCenter datastore to use.
Select the vCenter cluster to install the OKD cluster in.
Select the network in the vCenter instance that contains the virtual IP addresses and DNS records that you configured.
Enter the virtual IP address that you configured for control plane API access.
Enter the virtual IP address that you configured for cluster ingress.
Enter the base domain. This base domain must be the same one that you used in the DNS records that you configured.
Enter a descriptive name for your cluster. The cluster name must be the same one that you used in the DNS records that you configured.
Paste the pull secret that you obtained from the Pull Secret page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site. This field is optional.
Modify the install-config.yaml
file. You can find more information about
the available parameters in the Installation configuration parameters section.
Back up the install-config.yaml
file so that you can use
it to install multiple clusters.
The |
Before you deploy an OKD cluster, you provide parameter values to describe your account on the cloud platform that hosts your cluster and optionally customize your cluster’s platform. When you create the install-config.yaml
installation configuration file, you provide values for the required parameters through the command line. If you customize your cluster, you can modify the install-config.yaml
file to provide more details about the platform.
After installation, you cannot modify these parameters in the |
Parameter | Description | Values |
---|---|---|
|
The API version for the |
String |
|
The base domain of your cloud provider. The base domain is used to create routes to your OKD cluster components. The full DNS name for your cluster is a combination of the |
A fully-qualified domain or subdomain name, such as |
|
Kubernetes resource |
Object |
|
The name of the cluster. DNS records for the cluster are all subdomains of |
String of lowercase letters, hyphens ( |
|
The configuration for the specific platform upon which to perform the installation: |
Object |
Parameter | Description | Values | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
A PEM-encoded X.509 certificate bundle that is added to the nodes' trusted certificate store. This trust bundle may also be used when a proxy has been configured. |
String |
||
|
The configuration for the machines that comprise the compute nodes. |
Array of machine-pool objects. For details, see the following "Machine-pool" table. |
||
|
Determines the instruction set architecture of the machines in the pool. Currently, heteregeneous clusters are not supported, so all pools must specify the same architecture. Valid values are |
String |
||
|
Whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or
|
|
||
|
Required if you use |
|
||
|
Required if you use |
|
||
|
The number of compute machines, which are also known as worker machines, to provision. |
A positive integer greater than or equal to |
||
|
The configuration for the machines that comprise the control plane. |
Array of |
||
|
Determines the instruction set architecture of the machines in the pool. Currently, heterogeneous clusters are not supported, so all pools must specify the same architecture. Valid values are |
String |
||
|
Whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or
|
|
||
|
Required if you use |
|
||
|
Required if you use |
|
||
|
The number of control plane machines to provision. |
The only supported value is |
||
|
The Cloud Credential Operator (CCO) mode. If no mode is specified, the CCO dynamically tries to determine the capabilities of the provided credentials, with a preference for mint mode on the platforms where multiple modes are supported.
|
|
||
|
Enable or disable FIPS mode. The default is |
|
||
|
Sources and repositories for the release-image content. |
Array of objects. Includes a |
||
|
Required if you use |
String |
||
|
Specify one or more repositories that may also contain the same images. |
Array of strings |
||
|
The configuration for the pod network provider in the cluster. |
Object |
||
|
The IP address pools for pods. The default is |
Array of objects |
||
|
Required if you use |
IP network. IP networks are represented as strings using Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) notation with a traditional IP address or network number, followed by the forward slash (/) character, followed by a decimal value between 0 and 32 that describes the number of significant bits. For example, |
||
|
Required if you use |
Integer |
||
|
The IP address pools for machines. |
Array of objects |
||
|
Required if you use |
IP network. IP networks are represented as strings using Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) notation with a traditional IP address or network number, followed by the forward slash (/) character, followed by a decimal value between 0 and 32 that describes the number of significant bits. For example, |
||
|
The type of network to install. The default is |
String |
||
|
The IP address pools for services. The default is 172.30.0.0/16. |
Array of IP networks. IP networks are represented as strings using Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) notation with a traditional IP address or network number, followed by the forward slash (/) character, followed by a decimal value between 0 and 32 that describes the number of significant bits. For example, |
||
|
How to publish or expose the user-facing endpoints of your cluster, such as the Kubernetes API, OpenShift routes. |
|
||
|
The SSH key or keys to authenticate access your cluster machines.
|
One or more keys. For example:
|
You can modify your cluster network configuration parameters in the
install-config.yaml
configuration file. The following table describes the
parameters.
You cannot modify these parameters in the |
Parameter | Description | Value |
---|---|---|
|
The default Container Network Interface (CNI) network provider plug-in to deploy. |
Either |
|
A block of IP addresses from which pod IP addresses are allocated. The
|
An IP address allocation in CIDR format. The default value is |
|
The subnet prefix length to assign to each individual node. For example, if
|
A subnet prefix. The default value is |
|
A block of IP addresses for services. |
An IP address allocation in CIDR format. The default value is |
|
A block of IP addresses assigned to nodes created by the OKD installation program while installing the cluster. The address block must not overlap with any other network block. Multiple CIDR ranges may be specified. |
An IP address allocation in CIDR format. The default value is |
install-config.yaml
file for an installer-provisioned VMware vSphere clusterYou can customize the install-config.yaml
file to specify more details about
your OKD cluster’s platform or modify the values of the required
parameters.
apiVersion: v1
baseDomain: example.com (1)
compute: (2)
- hyperthreading: Enabled (3)
name: worker
replicas: 3
platform:
vsphere: (4)
cpus: 2
coresPerSocket: 2
memoryMB: 8196
osDisk:
diskSizeGB: 120
controlPlane: (2)
hyperthreading: Enabled (3)
name: master
replicas: 3
platform:
vsphere: (4)
cpus: 4
coresPerSocket: 2
memoryMB: 16384
osDisk:
diskSizeGB: 120
metadata:
name: cluster (5)
networking:
clusterNetwork:
- cidr: 10.128.0.0/14
hostPrefix: 23
machineNetwork:
- cidr: 10.0.0.0/16
networkType: OpenShiftSDN
serviceNetwork:
- 172.30.0.0/16
platform:
vsphere:
vcenter: your.vcenter.server
username: username
password: password
datacenter: datacenter
defaultDatastore: datastore
folder: folder
network: VM_Network
cluster: vsphere_cluster_name
apiVIP: api_vip
ingressVIP: ingress_vip
fips: false
pullSecret: '{"auths":{"<mirror_registry>": {"auth": "<credentials>","email": "you@example.com"}}}'
sshKey: 'ssh-ed25519 AAAA...'
1 | The base domain of the cluster. All DNS records must be sub-domains of this base and include the cluster name. | ||
2 | The controlPlane section is a single mapping, but the compute section is a
sequence of mappings. To meet the requirements of the different data structures,
the first line of the compute section must begin with a hyphen, - , and the
first line of the controlPlane section must not. Although both sections
currently define a single machine pool, it is possible that future versions
of OKD will support defining multiple compute pools during
installation. Only one control plane pool is used. |
||
3 | Whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or
hyperthreading . By default, simultaneous multithreading is enabled
to increase the performance of your machines' cores. You can disable it by
setting the parameter value to Disabled . If you disable simultaneous
multithreading in some cluster machines, you must disable it in all cluster
machines.
|
||
4 | Optional: Provide additional configuration for the machine pool parameters for the compute and control plane machines. | ||
5 | The cluster name that you specified in your DNS records. |
You can modify the advanced network configuration parameters only before you
install the cluster. Advanced configuration customization lets you integrate
your cluster into your existing network environment by specifying an MTU or
VXLAN port, by allowing customization of
kube-proxy
settings, and by specifying a different mode
for the openshiftSDNConfig
parameter.
Modifying the OKD manifest files directly is not supported. |
Create the install-config.yaml
file and complete any modifications to it.
Use the following command to create manifests:
$ ./openshift-install create manifests --dir=<installation_directory> (1)
1 | For <installation_directory> , specify the name of the directory that
contains the install-config.yaml file for your cluster. |
Create a file that is named cluster-network-03-config.yml
in the
<installation_directory>/manifests/
directory:
$ touch <installation_directory>/manifests/cluster-network-03-config.yml (1)
1 | For <installation_directory> , specify the directory name that contains the
manifests/ directory for your cluster. |
After creating the file, several network configuration files are in the
manifests/
directory, as shown:
$ ls <installation_directory>/manifests/cluster-network-*
cluster-network-01-crd.yml
cluster-network-02-config.yml
cluster-network-03-config.yml
Open the cluster-network-03-config.yml
file in an editor and enter a CR that
describes the Operator configuration you want:
apiVersion: operator.openshift.io/v1
kind: Network
metadata:
name: cluster
spec: (1)
clusterNetwork:
- cidr: 10.128.0.0/14
hostPrefix: 23
serviceNetwork:
- 172.30.0.0/16
defaultNetwork:
type: OpenShiftSDN
openshiftSDNConfig:
mode: NetworkPolicy
mtu: 1450
vxlanPort: 4789
1 | The parameters for the spec parameter are only an example. Specify your
configuration for the Cluster Network Operator in the CR. |
The CNO provides default values for the parameters in the CR, so you must specify only the parameters that you want to change.
Save the cluster-network-03-config.yml
file and quit the text editor.
Optional: Back up the manifests/cluster-network-03-config.yml
file. The
installation program deletes the manifests/
directory when creating the
cluster.
The configuration for the cluster network is specified as part of the Cluster Network Operator (CNO) configuration and stored in a CR object that is named cluster
. The CR specifies the parameters for the Network
API in the operator.openshift.io
API group.
You can specify the cluster network configuration for your OKD cluster by setting the parameter values for the defaultNetwork
parameter in the CNO CR. The following CR displays the default configuration for the CNO and explains both the parameters you can configure and the valid parameter values:
apiVersion: operator.openshift.io/v1
kind: Network
metadata:
name: cluster
spec:
clusterNetwork: (1)
- cidr: 10.128.0.0/14
hostPrefix: 23
serviceNetwork: (1)
- 172.30.0.0/16
defaultNetwork: (2)
...
kubeProxyConfig: (3)
iptablesSyncPeriod: 30s (4)
proxyArguments:
iptables-min-sync-period: (5)
- 0s
1 | Specified in the install-config.yaml file. |
||
2 | Configures the default Container Network Interface (CNI) network provider for the cluster network. | ||
3 | The parameters for this object specify the kube-proxy configuration. If you do not specify the parameter values, the Cluster Network Operator applies the displayed default parameter values. If you are using the OVN-Kubernetes default CNI network provider, the kube-proxy configuration has no effect. |
||
4 | The refresh period for iptables rules. The default value is 30s . Valid suffixes include s , m , and h and are described in the Go time package documentation.
|
||
5 | The minimum duration before refreshing iptables rules. This parameter ensures that the refresh does not happen too frequently. Valid suffixes include s , m , and h and are described in the Go time package. |
The following YAML object describes the configuration parameters for the OpenShift SDN default Container Network Interface (CNI) network provider.
defaultNetwork:
type: OpenShiftSDN (1)
openshiftSDNConfig: (2)
mode: NetworkPolicy (3)
mtu: 1450 (4)
vxlanPort: 4789 (5)
1 | Specified in the install-config.yaml file. |
2 | Specify only if you want to override part of the OpenShift SDN configuration. |
3 | Configures the network isolation mode for OpenShift SDN. The allowed values
are Multitenant , Subnet , or NetworkPolicy . The default value is
NetworkPolicy . |
4 | The maximum transmission unit (MTU) for the VXLAN overlay network. This value is normally configured automatically, but if the nodes in your cluster do not all use the same MTU, then you must set this explicitly to 50 less than the smallest node MTU value. |
5 | The port to use for all VXLAN packets. The default value is 4789 . If you
are running in a virtualized environment with existing nodes that are part of
another VXLAN network, then you might be required to change this. For example,
when running an OpenShift SDN overlay on top of VMware NSX-T, you must select an
alternate port for VXLAN, since both SDNs use the same default VXLAN port
number.
On Amazon Web Services (AWS), you can select an alternate port for the VXLAN
between port |
The following YAML object describes the configuration parameters for the OVN-Kubernetes default CNI network provider.
defaultNetwork:
type: OVNKubernetes (1)
ovnKubernetesConfig: (2)
mtu: 1400 (3)
genevePort: 6081 (4)
1 | Specified in the install-config.yaml file. |
2 | Specify only if you want to override part of the OVN-Kubernetes configuration. |
3 | The MTU for the Geneve (Generic Network Virtualization Encapsulation) overlay network. This value is normally configured automatically, but if the nodes in your cluster do not all use the same MTU, then you must set this explicitly to 100 less than the smallest node MTU value. |
4 | The UDP port for the Geneve overlay network. |
A complete CR object for the CNO is displayed in the following example:
apiVersion: operator.openshift.io/v1
kind: Network
metadata:
name: cluster
spec:
clusterNetwork:
- cidr: 10.128.0.0/14
hostPrefix: 23
serviceNetwork:
- 172.30.0.0/16
defaultNetwork:
type: OpenShiftSDN
openshiftSDNConfig:
mode: NetworkPolicy
mtu: 1450
vxlanPort: 4789
kubeProxyConfig:
iptablesSyncPeriod: 30s
proxyArguments:
iptables-min-sync-period:
- 0s
You can install OKD on a compatible cloud platform.
You can run the |
Obtain the OKD installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.
Run the installation program:
$ ./openshift-install create cluster --dir=<installation_directory> \ (1)
--log-level=info (2)
1 | For <installation_directory> , specify the
location of your customized ./install-config.yaml file. |
2 | To view different installation details, specify warn , debug , or
error instead of info . |
If the cloud provider account that you configured on your host does not have sufficient permissions to deploy the cluster, the installation process stops, and the missing permissions are displayed. |
When the cluster deployment completes, directions for accessing your cluster,
including a link to its web console and credentials for the kubeadmin
user,
display in your terminal.
The Ignition config files that the installation program generates contain certificates that expire after 24 hours, which are then renewed at that time. If the cluster is shut down before renewing the certificates and the cluster is later restarted after the 24 hours have elapsed, the cluster automatically recovers the expired certificates. The exception is that you must manually approve the pending |
You must not delete the installation program or the files that the installation program creates. Both are required to delete the cluster. |
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) in order to interact with OKD from a
command-line interface. You can install oc
on Linux, Windows, or macOS.
If you installed an earlier version of |
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) binary on Linux by using the following procedure.
Navigate to https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/clients/oc/latest/ and choose the folder for your operating system and architecture.
Download oc.tar.gz
.
Unpack the archive:
$ tar xvzf <file>
Place the oc
binary in a directory that is on your PATH
.
To check your PATH
, execute the following command:
$ echo $PATH
After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc
command:
$ oc <command>
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) binary on Windows by using the following procedure.
Navigate to https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/clients/oc/latest/ and choose the folder for your operating system and architecture.
Download oc.zip
.
Unzip the archive with a ZIP program.
Move the oc
binary to a directory that is on your PATH
.
To check your PATH
, open the command prompt and execute the following command:
C:\> path
After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc
command:
C:\> oc <command>
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) binary on macOS by using the following procedure.
Navigate to https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/clients/oc/latest/ and choose the folder for your operating system and architecture.
Download oc.tar.gz
.
Unpack and unzip the archive.
Move the oc
binary to a directory on your PATH.
To check your PATH
, open a terminal and execute the following command:
$ echo $PATH
After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc
command:
$ oc <command>
You can log in to your cluster as a default system user by exporting the cluster kubeconfig
file.
The kubeconfig
file contains information about the cluster that is used by the CLI to connect a client to the correct cluster and API server.
The file is specific to a cluster and is created during OKD installation.
Deploy an OKD cluster.
Install the oc
CLI.
Export the kubeadmin
credentials:
$ export KUBECONFIG=<installation_directory>/auth/kubeconfig (1)
1 | For <installation_directory> , specify the path to the directory that you stored
the installation files in. |
Verify you can run oc
commands successfully using the exported configuration:
$ oc whoami
system:admin
After you install the cluster, you must create storage for the registry Operator.
On platforms that do not provide shareable object storage, the OpenShift Image
Registry Operator bootstraps itself as Removed
. This allows
openshift-installer
to complete installations on these platform types.
After installation, you must edit the Image Registry Operator configuration to
switch the managementState
from Removed
to Managed
.
The Prometheus console provides an "Image Registry has been removed. |
The Image Registry Operator is not initially available for platforms that do not provide default storage. After installation, you must configure your registry to use storage so that the Registry Operator is made available.
Instructions are shown for configuring a persistent volume, which is required for production clusters. Where applicable, instructions are shown for configuring an empty directory as the storage location, which is available for only non-production clusters.
Additional instructions are provided for allowing the image registry to use block storage types by using the Recreate
rollout strategy during upgrades.
As a cluster administrator, following installation you must configure your registry to use storage.
Cluster administrator permissions.
A cluster on VMware vSphere.
Persistent storage provisioned for your cluster, such as Red Hat OpenShift Container Storage.
OKD supports |
Must have "100Gi" capacity.
Testing shows issues with using the NFS server on RHEL as storage backend for core services. This includes the OpenShift Container Registry and Quay, Prometheus for monitoring storage, and Elasticsearch for logging storage. Therefore, using RHEL NFS to back PVs used by core services is not recommended. Other NFS implementations on the marketplace might not have these issues. Contact the individual NFS implementation vendor for more information on any testing that was possibly completed against these OKD core components. |
To configure your registry to use storage, change the spec.storage.pvc
in the configs.imageregistry/cluster
resource.
When using shared storage, review your security settings to prevent outside access. |
Verify that you do not have a registry pod:
$ oc get pod -n openshift-image-registry
If the storage type is |
Check the registry configuration:
$ oc edit configs.imageregistry.operator.openshift.io
storage:
pvc:
claim: (1)
1 | Leave the claim field blank to allow the automatic creation of an image-registry-storage PVC. |
Check the clusteroperator
status:
$ oc get clusteroperator image-registry
To allow the image registry to use block storage types such as vSphere Virtual Machine Disk (VMDK) during upgrades as a cluster administrator, you can use the Recreate
rollout strategy.
Block storage volumes are supported but not recommended for use with image registry on production clusters. An installation where the registry is configured on block storage is not highly available because the registry cannot have more than one replica. |
To set the image registry storage as a block storage type, patch the registry so that it uses the Recreate
rollout strategy and runs with only 1
replica:
$ oc patch config.imageregistry.operator.openshift.io/cluster --type=merge -p '{"spec":{"rolloutStrategy":"Recreate","replicas":1}}'
Provision the PV for the block storage device, and create a PVC for that volume. The requested block volume uses the ReadWriteOnce (RWO) access mode.
Create a pvc.yaml
file with the following contents to define a VMware vSphere PersistentVolumeClaim
object:
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: image-registry-storage (1)
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce (2)
resources:
requests:
storage: 100Gi (3)
1 | A unique name that represents the PersistentVolumeClaim object. |
2 | The access mode of the PersistentVolumeClaim. With ReadWriteOnce , the volume can be mounted with read and write permissions by a single node. |
3 | The size of the PersistentVolumeClaim. |
Create the `PersistentVolumeClaim`object from the file:
$ oc create -f pvc.yaml
Edit the registry configuration so that it references the correct PVC:
$ oc edit config.imageregistry.operator.openshift.io -o yaml
storage:
pvc:
claim: (1)
1 | Creating a custom PVC allows you to leave the claim field blank for the default automatic creation of an image-registry-storage PVC. |
For instructions about configuring registry storage so that it references the correct PVC, see Configuring the registry for vSphere.
OKD provisions new volumes as independent persistent disks to freely attach and detach the volume on any node in the cluster. As a consequence, it is not possible to back up volumes that use snapshots, or to restore volumes from snapshots. See Snapshot Limitations for more information.
To create a backup of persistent volumes:
Stop the application that is using the persistent volume.
Clone the persistent volume.
Restart the application.
Create a backup of the cloned volume.
Delete the cloned volume.
If necessary, you can opt out of remote health reporting.