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Installing a cluster on vSphere with network customizations
- Prerequisites
- VMware vSphere infrastructure requirements
- Network connectivity requirements
- VMware vSphere CSI Driver Operator requirements
- vCenter requirements
- Generating a key pair for cluster node SSH access
- Obtaining the installation program
- Adding vCenter root CA certificates to your system trust
- Creating the installation configuration file
- Network configuration phases
- Specifying advanced network configuration
- Cluster Network Operator configuration
- Deploying the cluster
- Installing the OpenShift CLI by downloading the binary
- Logging in to the cluster by using the CLI
- Creating registry storage
- Backing up VMware vSphere volumes
- Configuring an external load balancer
- Next steps
In OKD version 4, you can install a cluster on your
VMware vSphere instance by using installer-provisioned infrastructure with customized network configuration options. By customizing your network configuration, your cluster can coexist with existing IP address allocations in your environment and integrate with existing MTU and VXLAN configurations. To customize the installation, you modify parameters in the install-config.yaml file before you install the cluster.
You must set most of the network configuration parameters during installation, and you can modify only kubeProxy configuration parameters in a running cluster.
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OKD supports deploying a cluster to a single VMware vCenter only. Deploying a cluster with machines/machine sets on multiple vCenters is not supported. |
Prerequisites
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You reviewed details about the OKD installation and update processes.
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You read the documentation on selecting a cluster installation method and preparing it for users.
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You provisioned persistent storage for your cluster. To deploy a private image registry, your storage must provide
ReadWriteManyaccess modes. -
The OKD installer requires access to port 443 on the vCenter and ESXi hosts. You verified that port 443 is accessible.
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If you use a firewall, confirm with the administrator that port 443 is accessible. Control plane nodes must be able to reach vCenter and ESXi hosts on port 443 for the installation to succeed.
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If you use a firewall, you configured it to allow the sites that your cluster requires access to.
Be sure to also review this site list if you are configuring a proxy.
VMware vSphere infrastructure requirements
You must install the OKD cluster on a VMware vSphere version 7 instance that meets the requirements for the components that you use.
| Virtual environment product | Required version |
|---|---|
VMware virtual hardware |
15 or later |
vSphere ESXi hosts |
7.0.2 or later |
vCenter host |
7.0.2 or later |
|
Installing a cluster on VMware vSphere versions 7.0.0 and 7.0.1 is deprecated. These versions are still fully supported, but all vSphere 6.x versions are no longer supported. Version 4.12 of OKD requires VMware virtual hardware version 15 or later. To update the hardware version for your vSphere virtual machines, see the "Updating hardware on nodes running in vSphere" article in the Updating clusters section. |
| Component | Minimum supported versions | Description |
|---|---|---|
Hypervisor |
vSphere 7.0.2 and later with virtual hardware version 15 |
This version is the minimum version that Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) supports. See the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 supported hypervisors list. |
Storage with in-tree drivers |
vSphere 7.0.2 and later |
This plugin creates vSphere storage by using the in-tree storage drivers for vSphere included in OKD. |
Optional: Networking (NSX-T) |
vSphere 7.0.2 and later |
vSphere 7.0.2 is required for OKD. VMware’s NSX Container Plugin (NCP) is certified with OKD 4.6 and NSX-T 3.x+. |
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You must ensure that the time on your ESXi hosts is synchronized before you install OKD. See Edit Time Configuration for a Host in the VMware documentation. |
Network connectivity requirements
You must configure the network connectivity between machines to allow OKD cluster components to communicate.
Review the following details about the required network ports.
| Protocol | Port | Description |
|---|---|---|
N/A |
Network reachability tests |
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TCP |
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Metrics |
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Host level services, including the node exporter on ports |
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The default ports that Kubernetes reserves |
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openshift-sdn |
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UDP |
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virtual extensible LAN (VXLAN) |
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Geneve |
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Host level services, including the node exporter on ports |
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IPsec IKE packets |
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IPsec NAT-T packets |
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TCP/UDP |
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Kubernetes node port |
ESP |
N/A |
IPsec Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) |
| Protocol | Port | Description |
|---|---|---|
TCP |
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Kubernetes API |
| Protocol | Port | Description |
|---|---|---|
TCP |
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etcd server and peer ports |
VMware vSphere CSI Driver Operator requirements
To install the CSI Driver Operator, the following requirements must be met:
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VMware vSphere version 7.0.2 or later
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vCenter 7.0.2 or later
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Virtual machines of hardware version 15 or later
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No third-party CSI driver already installed in the cluster
If a third-party CSI driver is present in the cluster, OKD does not overwrite it. The presence of a third-party CSI driver prevents OKD from upgrading to OKD 4.13 or later.
Additional resources
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To remove a third-party CSI driver, see Removing a third-party vSphere CSI Driver.
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To update the hardware version for your vSphere nodes, see Updating hardware on nodes running in vSphere.
vCenter requirements
Before you install an OKD cluster on your vCenter that uses infrastructure that the installer provisions, you must prepare your environment.
Required vCenter account privileges
To install an OKD cluster in a vCenter, the installation program requires access to an account with privileges to read and create the required resources. Using an account that has global administrative privileges is the simplest way to access all of the necessary permissions.
If you cannot use an account with global administrative privileges, you must create roles to grant the privileges necessary for OKD cluster installation. While most of the privileges are always required, some are required only if you plan for the installation program to provision a folder to contain the OKD cluster on your vCenter instance, which is the default behavior. You must create or amend vSphere roles for the specified objects to grant the required privileges.
An additional role is required if the installation program is to create a vSphere virtual machine folder.
Roles and privileges required for installation in vSphere API
| vSphere object for role | When required | Required privileges in vSphere API |
|---|---|---|
vSphere vCenter |
Always |
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vSphere vCenter Cluster |
If VMs will be created in the cluster root |
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vSphere vCenter Resource Pool |
If an existing resource pool is provided |
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vSphere Datastore |
Always |
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vSphere Port Group |
Always |
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Virtual Machine Folder |
Always |
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vSphere vCenter Datacenter |
If the installation program creates the virtual machine folder |
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Roles and privileges required for installation in vCenter graphical user interface (GUI)
| vSphere object for role | When required | Required privileges in vCenter GUI |
|---|---|---|
vSphere vCenter |
Always |
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vSphere vCenter Cluster |
If VMs will be created in the cluster root |
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vSphere vCenter Resource Pool |
If an existing resource pool is provided |
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vSphere Datastore |
Always |
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vSphere Port Group |
Always |
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Virtual Machine Folder |
Always |
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vSphere vCenter Datacenter |
If the installation program creates the virtual machine folder |
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Additionally, the user requires some ReadOnly permissions, and some of the roles require permission to propogate the permissions to child objects. These settings vary depending on whether or not you install the cluster into an existing folder.
Required permissions and propagation settings
| vSphere object | When required | Propagate to children | Permissions required |
|---|---|---|---|
vSphere vCenter |
Always |
False |
Listed required privileges |
vSphere vCenter Datacenter |
Existing folder |
False |
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Installation program creates the folder |
True |
Listed required privileges |
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vSphere vCenter Cluster |
Existing resource pool |
True |
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VMs in cluster root |
True |
Listed required privileges |
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vSphere vCenter Datastore |
Always |
False |
Listed required privileges |
vSphere Switch |
Always |
False |
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vSphere Port Group |
Always |
False |
Listed required privileges |
vSphere vCenter Virtual Machine Folder |
Existing folder |
True |
Listed required privileges |
vSphere vCenter Resource Pool |
Existing resource pool |
True |
Listed required privileges |
For more information about creating an account with only the required privileges, see vSphere Permissions and User Management Tasks in the vSphere documentation.
Using OKD with vMotion
If you intend on using vMotion in your vSphere environment, consider the following before installing a OKD cluster.
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OKD generally supports compute-only vMotion. Using Storage vMotion can cause issues and is not supported.
To help ensure the uptime of your compute and control plane nodes, it is recommended that you follow the VMware best practices for vMotion. It is also recommended to use VMware anti-affinity rules to improve the availability of OKD during maintenance or hardware issues.
For more information about vMotion and anti-affinity rules, see the VMware vSphere documentation for vMotion networking requirements and VM anti-affinity rules.
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If you are using vSphere volumes in your pods, migrating a VM across datastores either manually or through Storage vMotion causes, invalid references within OKD persistent volume (PV) objects. These references prevent affected pods from starting up and can result in data loss.
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Similarly, OKD does not support selective migration of VMDKs across datastores, using datastore clusters for VM provisioning or for dynamic or static provisioning of PVs, or using a datastore that is part of a datastore cluster for dynamic or static provisioning of PVs.
Cluster resources
When you deploy an OKD cluster that uses installer-provisioned infrastructure, the installation program must be able to create several resources in your vCenter instance.
A standard OKD installation creates the following vCenter resources:
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1 Folder
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1 Tag category
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1 Tag
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Virtual machines:
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1 template
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1 temporary bootstrap node
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3 control plane nodes
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3 compute machines
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Although these resources use 856 GB of storage, the bootstrap node is destroyed during the cluster installation process. A minimum of 800 GB of storage is required to use a standard cluster.
If you deploy more compute machines, the OKD cluster will use more storage.
Cluster limits
Available resources vary between clusters. The number of possible clusters within a vCenter is limited primarily by available storage space and any limitations on the number of required resources. Be sure to consider both limitations to the vCenter resources that the cluster creates and the resources that you require to deploy a cluster, such as IP addresses and networks.
Networking requirements
You must use DHCP for the network and ensure that the DHCP server is configured to provide persistent IP addresses to the cluster machines. All nodes must be in the same VLAN. You cannot scale the cluster using a second VLAN as a Day 2 operation. Additionally, you must create the following networking resources before you install the OKD cluster:
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It is recommended that each OKD node in the cluster must have access to a Network Time Protocol (NTP) server that is discoverable via DHCP. Installation is possible without an NTP server. However, asynchronous server clocks will cause errors, which NTP server prevents. |
Required IP Addresses
An installer-provisioned vSphere installation requires two static IP addresses:
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The API address is used to access the cluster API.
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The Ingress address is used for cluster ingress traffic.
You must provide these IP addresses to the installation program when you install the OKD cluster.
DNS records
You must create DNS records for two static IP addresses in the appropriate DNS server for the vCenter instance that hosts your OKD cluster. In each record, <cluster_name> is the cluster name and <base_domain> is the cluster base domain that you specify when you install the cluster. A complete DNS record takes the form: <component>.<cluster_name>.<base_domain>..
| Component | Record | Description |
|---|---|---|
API VIP |
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This DNS A/AAAA or CNAME record must point to the load balancer for the control plane machines. This record must be resolvable by both clients external to the cluster and from all the nodes within the cluster. |
Ingress VIP |
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A wildcard DNS A/AAAA or CNAME record that points to the load balancer that targets the machines that run the Ingress router pods, which are the worker nodes by default. This record must be resolvable by both clients external to the cluster and from all the nodes within the cluster. |
Generating a key pair for cluster node SSH access
During an OKD installation, you can provide an SSH public key to the installation program. The key is passed to the Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) nodes through their Ignition config files and is used to authenticate SSH access to the nodes. The key is added to the ~/.ssh/authorized_keys list for the core user on each node, which enables password-less authentication.
After the key is passed to the nodes, you can use the key pair to SSH in to the FCOS nodes as the user core. To access the nodes through SSH, the private key identity must be managed by SSH for your local user.
If you want to SSH in to your cluster nodes to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery, you must provide the SSH public key during the installation process. The ./openshift-install gather command also requires the SSH public key to be in place on the cluster nodes.
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Do not skip this procedure in production environments, where disaster recovery and debugging is required. |
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You must use a local key, not one that you configured with platform-specific approaches such as AWS key pairs. |
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On clusters running Fedora CoreOS (FCOS), the SSH keys specified in the Ignition config files are written to the |
Procedure
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If you do not have an existing SSH key pair on your local machine to use for authentication onto your cluster nodes, create one. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:
$ ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -N '' -f <path>/<file_name> (1)1 Specify the path and file name, such as ~/.ssh/id_ed25519, of the new SSH key. If you have an existing key pair, ensure your public key is in the your~/.sshdirectory.If you plan to install an OKD cluster that uses FIPS Validated / Modules in Process cryptographic libraries on the
x86_64architecture, do not create a key that uses theed25519algorithm. Instead, create a key that uses thersaorecdsaalgorithm. -
View the public SSH key:
$ cat <path>/<file_name>.pubFor example, run the following to view the
~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pubpublic key:$ cat ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub -
Add the SSH private key identity to the SSH agent for your local user, if it has not already been added. SSH agent management of the key is required for password-less SSH authentication onto your cluster nodes, or if you want to use the
./openshift-install gathercommand.On some distributions, default SSH private key identities such as
~/.ssh/id_rsaand~/.ssh/id_dsaare managed automatically.-
If the
ssh-agentprocess is not already running for your local user, start it as a background task:$ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"Example outputAgent pid 31874If your cluster is in FIPS mode, only use FIPS-compliant algorithms to generate the SSH key. The key must be either RSA or ECDSA.
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Add your SSH private key to the
ssh-agent:$ ssh-add <path>/<file_name> (1)1 Specify the path and file name for your SSH private key, such as ~/.ssh/id_ed25519Example outputIdentity added: /home/<you>/<path>/<file_name> (<computer_name>)
Next steps
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When you install OKD, provide the SSH public key to the installation program.
Obtaining the installation program
Before you install OKD, download the installation file on the host you are using for installation.
Prerequisites
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You have a computer that runs Linux or macOS, with 500 MB of local disk space.
Procedure
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Download installer from https://github.com/openshift/okd/releases
The installation program creates several files on the computer that you use to install your cluster. You must keep the installation program and the files that the installation program creates after you finish installing the cluster. Both files are required to delete the cluster.
Deleting the files created by the installation program does not remove your cluster, even if the cluster failed during installation. To remove your cluster, complete the OKD uninstallation procedures for your specific cloud provider.
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Extract the installation program. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:
$ tar -xvf openshift-install-linux.tar.gz -
Download your installation pull secret from the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager. This pull secret allows you to authenticate with the services that are provided by the included authorities, including Quay.io, which serves the container images for OKD components.
Using a pull secret from the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager is not required. You can use a pull secret for another private registry. Or, if you do not need the cluster to pull images from a private registry, you can use
{"auths":{"fake":{"auth":"aWQ6cGFzcwo="}}}as the pull secret when prompted during the installation.If you do not use the pull secret from the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager:
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Red Hat Operators are not available.
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The Telemetry and Insights operators do not send data to Red Hat.
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Content from the Red Hat Ecosystem Catalog Container images registry, such as image streams and Operators, are not available.
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Adding vCenter root CA certificates to your system trust
Because the installation program requires access to your vCenter’s API, you must add your vCenter’s trusted root CA certificates to your system trust before you install an OKD cluster.
Procedure
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From the vCenter home page, download the vCenter’s root CA certificates. Click Download trusted root CA certificates in the vSphere Web Services SDK section. The
<vCenter>/certs/download.zipfile downloads. -
Extract the compressed file that contains the vCenter root CA certificates. The contents of the compressed file resemble the following file structure:
certs ├── lin │ ├── 108f4d17.0 │ ├── 108f4d17.r1 │ ├── 7e757f6a.0 │ ├── 8e4f8471.0 │ └── 8e4f8471.r0 ├── mac │ ├── 108f4d17.0 │ ├── 108f4d17.r1 │ ├── 7e757f6a.0 │ ├── 8e4f8471.0 │ └── 8e4f8471.r0 └── win ├── 108f4d17.0.crt ├── 108f4d17.r1.crl ├── 7e757f6a.0.crt ├── 8e4f8471.0.crt └── 8e4f8471.r0.crl 3 directories, 15 files -
Add the files for your operating system to the system trust. For example, on a Fedora operating system, run the following command:
# cp certs/lin/* /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors -
Update your system trust. For example, on a Fedora operating system, run the following command:
# update-ca-trust extract
Creating the installation configuration file
You can customize the OKD cluster you install on VMware vSphere.
Prerequisites
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Obtain the OKD installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.
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Obtain service principal permissions at the subscription level.
Procedure
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Create the
install-config.yamlfile.-
Change to the directory that contains the installation program and run the following command:
$ ./openshift-install create install-config --dir <installation_directory> (1)1 For <installation_directory>, specify the directory name to store the files that the installation program creates.When specifying the directory:
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Verify that the directory has the
executepermission. This permission is required to run Terraform binaries under the installation directory. -
Use an empty directory. Some installation assets, such as bootstrap X.509 certificates, have short expiration intervals, therefore you must not reuse an installation directory. If you want to reuse individual files from another cluster installation, you can copy them into your directory. However, the file names for the installation assets might change between releases. Use caution when copying installation files from an earlier OKD version.
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At the prompts, provide the configuration details for your cloud:
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Optional: Select an SSH key to use to access your cluster machines.
For production OKD clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery, specify an SSH key that your
ssh-agentprocess uses. -
Select vsphere as the platform to target.
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Specify the name of your vCenter instance.
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Specify the user name and password for the vCenter account that has the required permissions to create the cluster.
The installation program connects to your vCenter instance.
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Select the data center in your vCenter instance to connect to.
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Select the default vCenter datastore to use.
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Select the vCenter cluster to install the OKD cluster in. The installation program uses the root resource pool of the vSphere cluster as the default resource pool.
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Select the network in the vCenter instance that contains the virtual IP addresses and DNS records that you configured.
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Enter the virtual IP address that you configured for control plane API access.
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Enter the virtual IP address that you configured for cluster ingress.
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Enter the base domain. This base domain must be the same one that you used in the DNS records that you configured.
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Enter a descriptive name for your cluster. The cluster name you enter must match the cluster name you specified when configuring the DNS records.
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Paste the pull secret from the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager. This field is optional.
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Modify the
install-config.yamlfile. You can find more information about the available parameters in the "Installation configuration parameters" section. -
Back up the
install-config.yamlfile so that you can use it to install multiple clusters.The
install-config.yamlfile is consumed during the installation process. If you want to reuse the file, you must back it up now.
Installation configuration parameters
Before you deploy an OKD cluster, you provide parameter values to describe your account on the cloud platform that hosts your cluster and optionally customize your cluster’s platform. When you create the install-config.yaml installation configuration file, you provide values for the required parameters through the command line. If you customize your cluster, you can modify the install-config.yaml file to provide more details about the platform.
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After installation, you cannot modify these parameters in the |
Required configuration parameters
Required installation configuration parameters are described in the following table:
| Parameter | Description | Values |
|---|---|---|
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The API version for the |
String |
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The base domain of your cloud provider. The base domain is used to create routes to your OKD cluster components. The full DNS name for your cluster is a combination of the |
A fully-qualified domain or subdomain name, such as |
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Kubernetes resource |
Object |
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The name of the cluster. DNS records for the cluster are all subdomains of |
String of lowercase letters and hyphens ( |
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The configuration for the specific platform upon which to perform the installation: |
Object |
Network configuration parameters
You can customize your installation configuration based on the requirements of your existing network infrastructure. For example, you can expand the IP address block for the cluster network or provide different IP address blocks than the defaults.
Only IPv4 addresses are supported.
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Globalnet is not supported with Red Hat OpenShift Data Foundation disaster recovery solutions. For regional disaster recovery scenarios, ensure that you use a nonoverlapping range of private IP addresses for the cluster and service networks in each cluster. |
| Parameter | Description | Values | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
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The configuration for the cluster network. |
Object
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The Red Hat OpenShift Networking network plugin to install. |
Either |
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The IP address blocks for pods. The default value is If you specify multiple IP address blocks, the blocks must not overlap. |
An array of objects. For example: |
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Required if you use An IPv4 network. |
An IP address block in Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) notation.
The prefix length for an IPv4 block is between |
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The subnet prefix length to assign to each individual node. For example, if |
A subnet prefix. The default value is |
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The IP address block for services. The default value is The OpenShift SDN and OVN-Kubernetes network plugins support only a single IP address block for the service network. |
An array with an IP address block in CIDR format. For example: |
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The IP address blocks for machines. If you specify multiple IP address blocks, the blocks must not overlap. |
An array of objects. For example: |
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Required if you use |
An IP network block in CIDR notation. For example,
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Optional configuration parameters
Optional installation configuration parameters are described in the following table:
| Parameter | Description | Values | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
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A PEM-encoded X.509 certificate bundle that is added to the nodes' trusted certificate store. This trust bundle may also be used when a proxy has been configured. |
String |
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Controls the installation of optional core cluster components. You can reduce the footprint of your OKD cluster by disabling optional components. For more information, see the "Cluster capabilities" page in Installing. |
String array |
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Selects an initial set of optional capabilities to enable. Valid values are |
String |
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Extends the set of optional capabilities beyond what you specify in |
String array |
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The configuration for the machines that comprise the compute nodes. |
Array of |
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Determines the instruction set architecture of the machines in the pool. Currently, clusters with varied architectures are not supported. All pools must specify the same architecture. Valid values are |
String |
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Whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or
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Required if you use |
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Required if you use |
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The number of compute machines, which are also known as worker machines, to provision. |
A positive integer greater than or equal to |
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Enables the cluster for a feature set. A feature set is a collection of OKD features that are not enabled by default. For more information about enabling a feature set during installation, see "Enabling features using feature gates". |
String. The name of the feature set to enable, such as |
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The configuration for the machines that comprise the control plane. |
Array of |
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Determines the instruction set architecture of the machines in the pool. Currently, clusters with varied architectures are not supported. All pools must specify the same architecture. Valid values are |
String |
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Whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or
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Required if you use |
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Required if you use |
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The number of control plane machines to provision. |
The only supported value is |
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The Cloud Credential Operator (CCO) mode. If no mode is specified, the CCO dynamically tries to determine the capabilities of the provided credentials, with a preference for mint mode on the platforms where multiple modes are supported.
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Sources and repositories for the release-image content. |
Array of objects. Includes a |
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Required if you use |
String |
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Specify one or more repositories that may also contain the same images. |
Array of strings |
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How to publish or expose the user-facing endpoints of your cluster, such as the Kubernetes API, OpenShift routes. |
Setting this field to
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The SSH key to authenticate access to your cluster machines.
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For example, |
Additional VMware vSphere configuration parameters
Additional VMware vSphere configuration parameters are described in the following table:
| Parameter | Description | Values | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
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The fully-qualified hostname or IP address of the vCenter server. |
String |
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The user name to use to connect to the vCenter instance with. This user must have at least the roles and privileges that are required for static or dynamic persistent volume provisioning in vSphere. |
String |
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The password for the vCenter user name. |
String |
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The name of the data center to use in the vCenter instance. |
String |
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The name of the default datastore to use for provisioning volumes. |
String |
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Optional. The absolute path of an existing folder where the installation program creates the virtual machines. If you do not provide this value, the installation program creates a folder that is named with the infrastructure ID in the data center virtual machine folder. |
String, for example, |
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Optional. The absolute path of an existing resource pool where the installation program creates the virtual machines. If you do not specify a value, the installation program installs the resources in the root of the cluster under |
String, for example, |
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The network in the vCenter instance that contains the virtual IP addresses and DNS records that you configured. |
String |
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The vCenter cluster to install the OKD cluster in. |
String |
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The virtual IP (VIP) address that you configured for control plane API access. |
An IP address, for example
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The virtual IP (VIP) address that you configured for cluster ingress. |
An IP address, for example
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Optional. The disk provisioning method. This value defaults to the vSphere default storage policy if not set. |
Valid values are |
Optional VMware vSphere machine pool configuration parameters
Optional VMware vSphere machine pool configuration parameters are described in the following table:
| Parameter | Description | Values |
|---|---|---|
|
The location from which the installation program downloads the FCOS image. You must set this parameter to perform an installation in a restricted network. |
An HTTP or HTTPS URL, optionally with a SHA-256 checksum. For example, |
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The size of the disk in gigabytes. |
Integer |
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The total number of virtual processor cores to assign a virtual machine. |
Integer |
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The number of cores per socket in a virtual machine. The number of virtual sockets on the virtual machine is |
Integer |
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The size of a virtual machine’s memory in megabytes. |
Integer |
Sample install-config.yaml file for an installer-provisioned VMware vSphere cluster
You can customize the install-config.yaml file to specify more details about your OKD cluster’s platform or modify the values of the required parameters.
apiVersion: v1
baseDomain: example.com (1)
compute: (2)
- hyperthreading: Enabled (3)
name: worker
replicas: 3
platform:
vsphere: (4)
cpus: 2
coresPerSocket: 2
memoryMB: 8192
osDisk:
diskSizeGB: 120
controlPlane: (2)
hyperthreading: Enabled (3)
name: master
replicas: 3
platform:
vsphere: (4)
cpus: 4
coresPerSocket: 2
memoryMB: 16384
osDisk:
diskSizeGB: 120
metadata:
name: cluster (5)
networking:
clusterNetwork:
- cidr: 10.128.0.0/14
hostPrefix: 23
machineNetwork:
- cidr: 10.0.0.0/16
networkType: OVNKubernetes (9)
serviceNetwork:
- 172.30.0.0/16
platform:
vsphere:
vcenter: your.vcenter.server
username: username
password: password
datacenter: datacenter
defaultDatastore: datastore
folder: folder
resourcePool: resource_pool (6)
diskType: thin (7)
network: VM_Network
cluster: vsphere_cluster_name (8)
apiVIPs:
- api_vip
ingressVIPs:
- ingress_vip
pullSecret: '{"auths": ...}'
sshKey: 'ssh-ed25519 AAAA...'| 1 | The base domain of the cluster. All DNS records must be sub-domains of this base and include the cluster name. | ||
| 2 | The controlPlane section is a single mapping, but the compute section is a sequence of mappings. To meet the requirements of the different data structures, the first line of the compute section must begin with a hyphen, -, and the first line of the controlPlane section must not. Only one control plane pool is used. |
||
| 3 | Whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or
hyperthreading. By default, simultaneous multithreading is enabled
to increase the performance of your machines' cores. You can disable it by
setting the parameter value to Disabled. If you disable simultaneous
multithreading in some cluster machines, you must disable it in all cluster
machines.
|
||
| 4 | Optional: Provide additional configuration for the machine pool parameters for the compute and control plane machines. | ||
| 5 | The cluster name that you specified in your DNS records. | ||
| 6 | Optional: Provide an existing resource pool for machine creation. If you do not specify a value, the installation program uses the root resource pool of the vSphere cluster. | ||
| 7 | The vSphere disk provisioning method. | ||
| 8 | The vSphere cluster to install the OKD cluster in. | ||
| 9 | The cluster network plugin to install. The supported values are OVNKubernetes and OpenShiftSDN. The default value is OVNKubernetes. |
|
In OKD 4.12 and later, the |
Configuring the cluster-wide proxy during installation
Production environments can deny direct access to the internet and instead have
an HTTP or HTTPS proxy available. You can configure a new OKD
cluster to use a proxy by configuring the proxy settings in the
install-config.yaml file.
Prerequisites
-
You have an existing
install-config.yamlfile. -
You reviewed the sites that your cluster requires access to and determined whether any of them need to bypass the proxy. By default, all cluster egress traffic is proxied, including calls to hosting cloud provider APIs. You added sites to the
Proxyobject’sspec.noProxyfield to bypass the proxy if necessary.The
Proxyobjectstatus.noProxyfield is populated with the values of thenetworking.machineNetwork[].cidr,networking.clusterNetwork[].cidr, andnetworking.serviceNetwork[]fields from your installation configuration.For installations on Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud Platform (GCP), Microsoft Azure, and OpenStack, the
Proxyobjectstatus.noProxyfield is also populated with the instance metadata endpoint (169.254.169.254).
Procedure
-
Edit your
install-config.yamlfile and add the proxy settings. For example:apiVersion: v1 baseDomain: my.domain.com proxy: httpProxy: http://<username>:<pswd>@<ip>:<port> (1) httpsProxy: https://<username>:<pswd>@<ip>:<port> (2) noProxy: example.com (3) additionalTrustBundle: | (4) -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- <MY_TRUSTED_CA_CERT> -----END CERTIFICATE----- additionalTrustBundlePolicy: <policy_to_add_additionalTrustBundle> (5)1 A proxy URL to use for creating HTTP connections outside the cluster. The URL scheme must be http.2 A proxy URL to use for creating HTTPS connections outside the cluster. 3 A comma-separated list of destination domain names, IP addresses, or other network CIDRs to exclude from proxying. Preface a domain with .to match subdomains only. For example,.y.commatchesx.y.com, but noty.com. Use*to bypass the proxy for all destinations. You must include vCenter’s IP address and the IP range that you use for its machines.4 If provided, the installation program generates a config map that is named user-ca-bundlein theopenshift-confignamespace to hold the additional CA certificates. If you provideadditionalTrustBundleand at least one proxy setting, theProxyobject is configured to reference theuser-ca-bundleconfig map in thetrustedCAfield. The Cluster Network Operator then creates atrusted-ca-bundleconfig map that merges the contents specified for thetrustedCAparameter with the FCOS trust bundle. TheadditionalTrustBundlefield is required unless the proxy’s identity certificate is signed by an authority from the FCOS trust bundle.5 Optional: The policy to determine the configuration of the Proxyobject to reference theuser-ca-bundleconfig map in thetrustedCAfield. The allowed values areProxyonlyandAlways. UseProxyonlyto reference theuser-ca-bundleconfig map only whenhttp/httpsproxy is configured. UseAlwaysto always reference theuser-ca-bundleconfig map. The default value isProxyonly.The installation program does not support the proxy
readinessEndpointsfield. -
Save the file and reference it when installing OKD.
The installation program creates a cluster-wide proxy that is named cluster that uses the proxy
settings in the provided install-config.yaml file. If no proxy settings are
provided, a cluster Proxy object is still created, but it will have a nil
spec.
|
Only the |
Network configuration phases
There are two phases prior to OKD installation where you can customize the network configuration.
- Phase 1
-
You can customize the following network-related fields in the
install-config.yamlfile before you create the manifest files:-
networking.networkType -
networking.clusterNetwork -
networking.serviceNetwork -
networking.machineNetworkFor more information on these fields, refer to Installation configuration parameters.
Set the
networking.machineNetworkto match the CIDR that the preferred NIC resides in.The CIDR range
172.17.0.0/16is reserved by libVirt. You cannot use this range or any range that overlaps with this range for any networks in your cluster.
-
- Phase 2
-
After creating the manifest files by running
openshift-install create manifests, you can define a customized Cluster Network Operator manifest with only the fields you want to modify. You can use the manifest to specify advanced network configuration.
You cannot override the values specified in phase 1 in the install-config.yaml file during phase 2. However, you can further customize the network plugin during phase 2.
Specifying advanced network configuration
You can use advanced network configuration for your network plugin to integrate your cluster into your existing network environment. You can specify advanced network configuration only before you install the cluster.
|
Customizing your network configuration by modifying the OKD manifest files created by the installation program is not supported. Applying a manifest file that you create, as in the following procedure, is supported. |
Prerequisites
-
You have created the
install-config.yamlfile and completed any modifications to it.
Procedure
-
Change to the directory that contains the installation program and create the manifests:
$ ./openshift-install create manifests --dir <installation_directory> (1)1 <installation_directory>specifies the name of the directory that contains theinstall-config.yamlfile for your cluster. -
Create a stub manifest file for the advanced network configuration that is named
cluster-network-03-config.ymlin the<installation_directory>/manifests/directory:apiVersion: operator.openshift.io/v1 kind: Network metadata: name: cluster spec: -
Specify the advanced network configuration for your cluster in the
cluster-network-03-config.ymlfile, such as in the following examples:Specify a different VXLAN port for the OpenShift SDN network providerapiVersion: operator.openshift.io/v1 kind: Network metadata: name: cluster spec: defaultNetwork: openshiftSDNConfig: vxlanPort: 4800Enable IPsec for the OVN-Kubernetes network providerapiVersion: operator.openshift.io/v1 kind: Network metadata: name: cluster spec: defaultNetwork: ovnKubernetesConfig: ipsecConfig: {} -
Optional: Back up the
manifests/cluster-network-03-config.ymlfile. The installation program consumes themanifests/directory when you create the Ignition config files.
Cluster Network Operator configuration
The configuration for the cluster network is specified as part of the Cluster Network Operator (CNO) configuration and stored in a custom resource (CR) object that is named cluster. The CR specifies the fields for the Network API in the operator.openshift.io API group.
The CNO configuration inherits the following fields during cluster installation from the Network API in the Network.config.openshift.io API group and these fields cannot be changed:
clusterNetwork-
IP address pools from which pod IP addresses are allocated.
serviceNetwork-
IP address pool for services.
defaultNetwork.type-
Cluster network plugin, such as OpenShift SDN or OVN-Kubernetes.
You can specify the cluster network plugin configuration for your cluster by setting the fields for the defaultNetwork object in the CNO object named cluster.