$ ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -N '' -f <path>/<file_name> (1)
In OKD version 4.13, you can install a cluster with a
customized network configuration on infrastructure that the installation program
provisions on Google Cloud Platform (GCP). By customizing your network
configuration, your cluster can coexist with existing IP address allocations in
your environment and integrate with existing MTU and VXLAN configurations. To
customize the installation, you modify parameters in the install-config.yaml
file before you install the cluster.
You must set most of the network configuration parameters during installation,
and you can modify only kubeProxy
configuration parameters in a running
cluster.
You reviewed details about the OKD installation and update processes.
You read the documentation on selecting a cluster installation method and preparing it for users.
You configured a GCP project to host the cluster.
If you use a firewall, you configured it to allow the sites that your cluster requires access to.
If the cloud identity and access management (IAM) APIs are not accessible in your environment, or if you do not want to store an administrator-level credential secret in the kube-system
namespace, you can manually create and maintain IAM credentials.
During an OKD installation, you can provide an SSH public key to the installation program. The key is passed to the Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) nodes through their Ignition config files and is used to authenticate SSH access to the nodes. The key is added to the ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
list for the core
user on each node, which enables password-less authentication.
After the key is passed to the nodes, you can use the key pair to SSH in to the FCOS nodes as the user core
. To access the nodes through SSH, the private key identity must be managed by SSH for your local user.
If you want to SSH in to your cluster nodes to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery, you must provide the SSH public key during the installation process. The ./openshift-install gather
command also requires the SSH public key to be in place on the cluster nodes.
Do not skip this procedure in production environments, where disaster recovery and debugging is required. |
You must use a local key, not one that you configured with platform-specific approaches such as AWS key pairs. |
On clusters running Fedora CoreOS (FCOS), the SSH keys specified in the Ignition config files are written to the |
If you do not have an existing SSH key pair on your local machine to use for authentication onto your cluster nodes, create one. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:
$ ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -N '' -f <path>/<file_name> (1)
1 | Specify the path and file name, such as ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 , of the new SSH key. If you have an existing key pair, ensure your public key is in the your ~/.ssh directory. |
View the public SSH key:
$ cat <path>/<file_name>.pub
For example, run the following to view the ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub
public key:
$ cat ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub
Add the SSH private key identity to the SSH agent for your local user, if it has not already been added. SSH agent management of the key is required for password-less SSH authentication onto your cluster nodes, or if you want to use the ./openshift-install gather
command.
On some distributions, default SSH private key identities such as |
If the ssh-agent
process is not already running for your local user, start it as a background task:
$ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
Agent pid 31874
Add your SSH private key to the ssh-agent
:
$ ssh-add <path>/<file_name> (1)
1 | Specify the path and file name for your SSH private key, such as ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 |
Identity added: /home/<you>/<path>/<file_name> (<computer_name>)
When you install OKD, provide the SSH public key to the installation program.
Before you install OKD, download the installation file on the host you are using for installation.
You have a computer that runs Linux or macOS, with 500 MB of local disk space.
Download installer from https://github.com/openshift/okd/releases
The installation program creates several files on the computer that you use to install your cluster. You must keep the installation program and the files that the installation program creates after you finish installing the cluster. Both files are required to delete the cluster. |
Deleting the files created by the installation program does not remove your cluster, even if the cluster failed during installation. To remove your cluster, complete the OKD uninstallation procedures for your specific cloud provider. |
Extract the installation program. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:
$ tar -xvf openshift-install-linux.tar.gz
Download your installation pull secret from the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager. This pull secret allows you to authenticate with the services that are provided by the included authorities, including Quay.io, which serves the container images for OKD components.
Using a pull secret from the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager is not required. You can use a pull secret for another private registry. Or, if you do not need the cluster to pull images from a private registry, you can use {"auths":{"fake":{"auth":"aWQ6cGFzcwo="}}}
as the pull secret when prompted during the installation.
If you do not use the pull secret from the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager:
Red Hat Operators are not available.
The Telemetry and Insights operators do not send data to Red Hat.
Content from the Red Hat Container Catalog registry, such as image streams and Operators, are not available.
You can customize the OKD cluster you install on Google Cloud Platform (GCP).
Obtain the OKD installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.
Obtain service principal permissions at the subscription level.
Create the install-config.yaml
file.
Change to the directory that contains the installation program and run the following command:
$ ./openshift-install create install-config --dir <installation_directory> (1)
1 | For <installation_directory> , specify the directory name to store the
files that the installation program creates. |
When specifying the directory:
Verify that the directory has the execute
permission. This permission is required to run Terraform binaries under the installation directory.
Use an empty directory. Some installation assets, such as bootstrap X.509 certificates, have short expiration intervals, therefore you must not reuse an installation directory. If you want to reuse individual files from another cluster installation, you can copy them into your directory. However, the file names for the installation assets might change between releases. Use caution when copying installation files from an earlier OKD version.
Always delete the
|
At the prompts, provide the configuration details for your cloud:
Optional: Select an SSH key to use to access your cluster machines.
For production OKD clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery, specify an SSH key that your |
Select gcp as the platform to target.
If you have not configured the service account key for your GCP account on your computer, you must obtain it from GCP and paste the contents of the file or enter the absolute path to the file.
Select the project ID to provision the cluster in. The default value is specified by the service account that you configured.
Select the region to deploy the cluster to.
Select the base domain to deploy the cluster to. The base domain corresponds to the public DNS zone that you created for your cluster.
Enter a descriptive name for your cluster.
Paste the pull secret from the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager. This field is optional.
Modify the install-config.yaml
file. You can find more information about
the available parameters in the "Installation configuration parameters" section.
Back up the install-config.yaml
file so that you can use
it to install multiple clusters.
The |
Before you deploy an OKD cluster, you provide parameter values to describe your account on the cloud platform that hosts your cluster and optionally customize your cluster’s platform. When you create the install-config.yaml
installation configuration file, you provide values for the required parameters through the command line. If you customize your cluster, you can modify the install-config.yaml
file to provide more details about the platform.
After installation, you cannot modify these parameters in the |
Required installation configuration parameters are described in the following table:
Parameter | Description | Values |
---|---|---|
|
The API version for the |
String |
|
The base domain of your cloud provider. The base domain is used to create routes to your OKD cluster components. The full DNS name for your cluster is a combination of the |
A fully-qualified domain or subdomain name, such as |
|
Kubernetes resource |
Object |
|
The name of the cluster. DNS records for the cluster are all subdomains of |
String of lowercase letters, hyphens ( |
|
The configuration for the specific platform upon which to perform the installation: |
Object |
You can customize your installation configuration based on the requirements of your existing network infrastructure. For example, you can expand the IP address block for the cluster network or provide different IP address blocks than the defaults.
Only IPv4 addresses are supported.
Globalnet is not supported with Red Hat OpenShift Data Foundation disaster recovery solutions. For regional disaster recovery scenarios, ensure that you use a nonoverlapping range of private IP addresses for the cluster and service networks in each cluster. |
Parameter | Description | Values | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
The configuration for the cluster network. |
Object
|
||
|
The Red Hat OpenShift Networking network plugin to install. |
Either |
||
|
The IP address blocks for pods. The default value is If you specify multiple IP address blocks, the blocks must not overlap. |
An array of objects. For example:
|
||
|
Required if you use An IPv4 network. |
An IP address block in Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) notation.
The prefix length for an IPv4 block is between |
||
|
The subnet prefix length to assign to each individual node. For example, if |
A subnet prefix. The default value is |
||
|
The IP address block for services. The default value is The OpenShift SDN and OVN-Kubernetes network plugins support only a single IP address block for the service network. |
An array with an IP address block in CIDR format. For example:
|
||
|
The IP address blocks for machines. If you specify multiple IP address blocks, the blocks must not overlap. |
An array of objects. For example:
|
||
|
Required if you use |
An IP network block in CIDR notation. For example,
|
Optional installation configuration parameters are described in the following table:
Parameter | Description | Values | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
A PEM-encoded X.509 certificate bundle that is added to the nodes' trusted certificate store. This trust bundle may also be used when a proxy has been configured. |
String |
||||
|
Controls the installation of optional core cluster components. You can reduce the footprint of your OKD cluster by disabling optional components. For more information, see the "Cluster capabilities" page in Installing. |
String array |
||||
|
Selects an initial set of optional capabilities to enable. Valid values are |
String |
||||
|
Extends the set of optional capabilities beyond what you specify in |
String array |
||||
|
Enables workload partitioning, which isolates OKD services, cluster management workloads, and infrastructure pods to run on a reserved set of CPUs. Workload partitioning can only be enabled during installation and cannot be disabled after installation. While this field enables workload partitioning, it does not configure workloads to use specific CPUs. For more information, see the Workload partitioning page in the Scalability and Performance section. |
|
||||
|
The configuration for the machines that comprise the compute nodes. |
Array of |
||||
|
Determines the instruction set architecture of the machines in the pool. Currently, clusters with varied architectures are not supported. All pools must specify the same architecture. Valid values are |
String |
||||
compute: hyperthreading: |
Whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or
|
|
||||
|
Required if you use |
|
||||
|
Required if you use |
|
||||
|
The number of compute machines, which are also known as worker machines, to provision. |
A positive integer greater than or equal to |
||||
|
Enables the cluster for a feature set. A feature set is a collection of OKD features that are not enabled by default. For more information about enabling a feature set during installation, see "Enabling features using feature gates". |
String. The name of the feature set to enable, such as |
||||
|
The configuration for the machines that comprise the control plane. |
Array of |
||||
|
Determines the instruction set architecture of the machines in the pool. Currently, clusters with varied architectures are not supported. All pools must specify the same architecture. Valid values are |
String |
||||
controlPlane: hyperthreading: |
Whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or
|
|
||||
|
Required if you use |
|
||||
|
Required if you use |
|
||||
|
The number of control plane machines to provision. |
The only supported value is |
||||
|
The Cloud Credential Operator (CCO) mode. If no mode is specified, the CCO dynamically tries to determine the capabilities of the provided credentials, with a preference for mint mode on the platforms where multiple modes are supported.
If you are installing on GCP into a shared virtual private cloud (VPC),
|
|
||||
|
Sources and repositories for the release-image content. |
Array of objects. Includes a |
||||
|
Required if you use |
String |
||||
|
Specify one or more repositories that may also contain the same images. |
Array of strings |
||||
|
How to publish or expose the user-facing endpoints of your cluster, such as the Kubernetes API, OpenShift routes. |
|
||||
|
The SSH key to authenticate access to your cluster machines.
|
For example, |
Not all CCO modes are supported for all cloud providers. For more information about CCO modes, see the "Managing cloud provider credentials" entry in the Authentication and authorization content.
If you are installing on GCP into a shared virtual private cloud (VPC), |
Setting this parameter to |
Additional GCP configuration parameters are described in the following table:
Parameter | Description | Values | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
The name of the existing Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) where you want to deploy your cluster. If you want to deploy your cluster into a shared VPC, you must set |
String. |
||
|
Optional. The name of the GCP project that contains the shared VPC where you want to deploy your cluster. |
String. |
||
|
The name of the GCP project where the installation program installs the cluster. |
String. |
||
|
The name of the GCP region that hosts your cluster. |
Any valid region name, such as |
||
|
The name of the existing subnet where you want to deploy your control plane machines. |
The subnet name. |
||
|
The name of the existing subnet where you want to deploy your compute machines. |
The subnet name. |
||
|
A list of license URLs that must be applied to the compute images.
|
Any license available with the license API, such as the license to enable nested virtualization. You cannot use this parameter with a mechanism that generates pre-built images. Using a license URL forces the installation program to copy the source image before use. |
||
|
The availability zones where the installation program creates machines. |
A list of valid GCP availability zones, such as |
||
|
The size of the disk in gigabytes (GB). |
Any size between 16 GB and 65536 GB. |
||
|
The GCP disk type. |
Either the default |
||
|
Optional. By default, the installation program downloads and installs the FCOS image that is used to boot control plane and compute machines. You can override the default behavior by specifying the location of a custom FCOS image for the installation program to use for both types of machines. |
String. The name of GCP project where the image is located. |
||
|
The name of the custom FCOS image for the installation program to use to boot control plane and compute machines. If you use |
String. The name of the RHCOS image. |
||
|
Optional. Additional network tags to add to the control plane and compute machines. |
One or more strings, for example |
||
|
The GCP machine type for control plane and compute machines. |
The GCP machine type, for example |
||
|
The name of the customer managed encryption key to be used for machine disk encryption. |
The encryption key name. |
||
|
The name of the Key Management Service (KMS) key ring to which the KMS key belongs. |
The KMS key ring name. |
||
|
The GCP location in which the KMS key ring exists. |
The GCP location. |
||
|
The ID of the project in which the KMS key ring exists. This value defaults to the value of the |
The GCP project ID. |
||
|
The GCP service account used for the encryption request for control plane and compute machines. If absent, the Compute Engine default service account is used. For more information about GCP service accounts, see Google’s documentation on service accounts. |
The GCP service account email, for example |
||
|
Whether to enable Shielded VM secure boot for all machines in the cluster. Shielded VMs have additional security protocols such as secure boot, firmware and integrity monitoring, and rootkit protection. For more information on Shielded VMs, see Google’s documentation on Shielded VMs. |
|
||
|
Whether to use Confidential VMs for all machines in the cluster. Confidential VMs provide encryption for data during processing. For more information on Confidential computing, see Google’s documentation on Confidential computing. |
|
||
|
Specifies the behavior of all VMs during a host maintenance event, such as a software or hardware update. For Confidential VMs, this parameter must be set to |
|
||
|
The name of the customer managed encryption key to be used for control plane machine disk encryption. |
The encryption key name. |
||
|
For control plane machines, the name of the KMS key ring to which the KMS key belongs. |
The KMS key ring name. |
||
|
For control plane machines, the GCP location in which the key ring exists. For more information about KMS locations, see Google’s documentation on Cloud KMS locations. |
The GCP location for the key ring. |
||
|
For control plane machines, the ID of the project in which the KMS key ring exists. This value defaults to the VM project ID if not set. |
The GCP project ID. |
||
|
The GCP service account used for the encryption request for control plane machines. If absent, the Compute Engine default service account is used. For more information about GCP service accounts, see Google’s documentation on service accounts. |
The GCP service account email, for example |
||
|
The size of the disk in gigabytes (GB). This value applies to control plane machines. |
Any integer between 16 and 65536. |
||
|
The GCP disk type for control plane machines. |
Control plane machines must use the |
||
|
Optional. By default, the installation program downloads and installs the Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) image that is used to boot control plane machines. You can override the default behavior by specifying the location of a custom FCOS image for the installation program to use for control plane machines only. |
String. The name of GCP project where the image is located. |
||
|
The name of the custom FCOS image for the installation program to use to boot control plane machines. If you use |
String. The name of the FCOS image. |
||
|
Optional. Additional network tags to add to the control plane machines. If set, this parameter overrides the |
One or more strings, for example |
||
|
The GCP machine type for control plane machines. If set, this parameter overrides the |
The GCP machine type, for example |
||
|
The availability zones where the installation program creates control plane machines. |
A list of valid GCP availability zones, such as |
||
|
Whether to enable Shielded VM secure boot for control plane machines. Shielded VMs have additional security protocols such as secure boot, firmware and integrity monitoring, and rootkit protection. For more information on Shielded VMs, see Google’s documentation on Shielded VMs. |
|
||
|
Whether to enable Confidential VMs for control plane machines. Confidential VMs provide encryption for data while it is being processed. For more information on Confidential VMs, see Google’s documentation on Confidential Computing. |
|
||
|
Specifies the behavior of control plane VMs during a host maintenance event, such as a software or hardware update. For Confidential VMs, this parameter must be set to |
|
||
|
The name of the customer managed encryption key to be used for compute machine disk encryption. |
The encryption key name. |
||
|
For compute machines, the name of the KMS key ring to which the KMS key belongs. |
The KMS key ring name. |
||
|
For compute machines, the GCP location in which the key ring exists. For more information about KMS locations, see Google’s documentation on Cloud KMS locations. |
The GCP location for the key ring. |
||
|
For compute machines, the ID of the project in which the KMS key ring exists. This value defaults to the VM project ID if not set. |
The GCP project ID. |
||
|
The GCP service account used for the encryption request for compute machines. If this value is not set, the Compute Engine default service account is used. For more information about GCP service accounts, see Google’s documentation on service accounts. |
The GCP service account email, for example |
||
|
The size of the disk in gigabytes (GB). This value applies to compute machines. |
Any integer between 16 and 65536. |
||
|
The GCP disk type for compute machines. |
Either the default |
||
|
Optional. By default, the installation program downloads and installs the FCOS image that is used to boot compute machines. You can override the default behavior by specifying the location of a custom FCOS image for the installation program to use for compute machines only. |
String. The name of GCP project where the image is located. |
||
|
The name of the custom FCOS image for the installation program to use to boot compute machines. If you use |
String. The name of the FCOS image. |
||
|
Optional. Additional network tags to add to the compute machines. If set, this parameter overrides the |
One or more strings, for example |
||
|
The GCP machine type for compute machines. If set, this parameter overrides the |
The GCP machine type, for example |
||
|
The availability zones where the installation program creates compute machines. |
A list of valid GCP availability zones, such as |
||
|
Whether to enable Shielded VM secure boot for compute machines. Shielded VMs have additional security protocols such as secure boot, firmware and integrity monitoring, and rootkit protection. For more information on Shielded VMs, see Google’s documentation on Shielded VMs. |
|
||
|
Whether to enable Confidential VMs for compute machines. Confidential VMs provide encryption for data while it is being processed. For more information on Confidential VMs, see Google’s documentation on Confidential Computing. |
|
||
|
Specifies the behavior of compute VMs during a host maintenance event, such as a software or hardware update. For Confidential VMs, this parameter must be set to |
|
Each cluster machine must meet the following minimum requirements:
Machine | Operating System | vCPU [1] | Virtual RAM | Storage | Input/Output Per Second (IOPS)[2] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bootstrap |
FCOS |
4 |
16 GB |
100 GB |
300 |
Control plane |
FCOS |
4 |
16 GB |
100 GB |
300 |
Compute |
FCOS |
2 |
8 GB |
100 GB |
300 |
One vCPU is equivalent to one physical core when simultaneous multithreading (SMT), or Hyper-Threading, is not enabled. When enabled, use the following formula to calculate the corresponding ratio: (threads per core × cores) × sockets = vCPUs.
OKD and Kubernetes are sensitive to disk performance, and faster storage is recommended, particularly for etcd on the control plane nodes which require a 10 ms p99 fsync duration. Note that on many cloud platforms, storage size and IOPS scale together, so you might need to over-allocate storage volume to obtain sufficient performance.
As with all user-provisioned installations, if you choose to use Fedora compute machines in your cluster, you take responsibility for all operating system life cycle management and maintenance, including performing system updates, applying patches, and completing all other required tasks. Use of Fedora 7 compute machines is deprecated and has been removed in OKD 4.10 and later.
As of OKD version 4.13, RHCOS is based on RHEL version 9.2, which updates the micro-architecture requirements. The following list contains the minimum instruction set architectures (ISA) that each architecture requires:
For more information, see RHEL Architectures. |
If an instance type for your platform meets the minimum requirements for cluster machines, it is supported to use in OKD.
The following Google Cloud Platform instance types have been tested with OKD.
A2
A3
C2
C2D
C3
C3D
E2
M1
N1
N2
N2D
N4
Tau T2D
Using a custom machine type to install a OKD cluster is supported.
Consider the following when using a custom machine type:
Similar to predefined instance types, custom machine types must meet the minimum resource requirements for control plane and compute machines. For more information, see "Minimum resource requirements for cluster installation".
The name of the custom machine type must adhere to the following syntax:
custom-<number_of_cpus>-<amount_of_memory_in_mb>
For example, custom-6-20480
.
As part of the installation process, you specify the custom machine type in the install-config.yaml
file.
install-config.yaml
file with a custom machine typecompute:
- architecture: amd64
hyperthreading: Enabled
name: worker
platform:
gcp:
type: custom-6-20480
replicas: 2
controlPlane:
architecture: amd64
hyperthreading: Enabled
name: master
platform:
gcp:
type: custom-6-20480
replicas: 3
You can use Shielded VMs when installing your cluster. Shielded VMs have extra security features including secure boot, firmware and integrity monitoring, and rootkit detection. For more information, see Google’s documentation on Shielded VMs.
You have created an install-config.yaml
file.
Use a text editor to edit the install-config.yaml
file prior to deploying your cluster and add one of the following stanzas:
To use shielded VMs for only control plane machines:
controlPlane:
platform:
gcp:
secureBoot: Enabled
To use shielded VMs for only compute machines:
compute:
- platform:
gcp:
secureBoot: Enabled
To use shielded VMs for all machines:
platform:
gcp:
defaultMachinePlatform:
secureBoot: Enabled
You can use Confidential VMs when installing your cluster. Confidential VMs encrypt data while it is being processed. For more information, see Google’s documentation on Confidential Computing. You can enable Confidential VMs and Shielded VMs at the same time, although they are not dependent on each other.
Confidential Computing is a Technology Preview feature only. Technology Preview features are not supported with Red Hat production service level agreements (SLAs) and might not be functionally complete. Red Hat does not recommend using them in production. These features provide early access to upcoming product features, enabling customers to test functionality and provide feedback during the development process. For more information about the support scope of Red Hat Technology Preview features, see Technology Preview Features Support Scope. |
Due to a known issue in OKD 4.13.3 and earlier versions, you cannot use persistent volume storage on a cluster with Confidential VMs on Google Cloud Platform (GCP). This issue was resolved in OKD 4.13.4. For more information, see OCPBUGS-11768. |
You have created an install-config.yaml
file.
Use a text editor to edit the install-config.yaml
file prior to deploying your cluster and add one of the following stanzas:
To use confidential VMs for only control plane machines:
controlPlane:
platform:
gcp:
confidentialCompute: Enabled (1)
type: n2d-standard-8 (2)
onHostMaintenance: Terminate (3)
1 | Enable confidential VMs. |
2 | Specify a machine type that supports Confidential VMs. Confidential VMs require the N2D or C2D series of machine types. For more information on supported machine types, see Supported operating systems and machine types. |
3 | Specify the behavior of the VM during a host maintenance event, such as a hardware or software update. For a machine that uses Confidential VM, this value must be set to Terminate , which stops the VM. Confidential VMs do not support live VM migration. |
To use confidential VMs for only compute machines:
compute:
- platform:
gcp:
confidentialCompute: Enabled
type: n2d-standard-8
onHostMaintenance: Terminate
To use confidential VMs for all machines:
platform:
gcp:
defaultMachinePlatform:
confidentialCompute: Enabled
type: n2d-standard-8
onHostMaintenance: Terminate
You can customize the install-config.yaml
file to specify more details about your OKD cluster’s platform or modify the values of the required parameters.
This sample YAML file is provided for reference only. You must obtain your |
apiVersion: v1
baseDomain: example.com (1)
controlPlane: (2) (3)
hyperthreading: Enabled (4)
name: master
platform:
gcp:
type: n2-standard-4
zones:
- us-central1-a
- us-central1-c
osDisk:
diskType: pd-ssd
diskSizeGB: 1024
encryptionKey: (5)
kmsKey:
name: worker-key
keyRing: test-machine-keys
location: global
projectID: project-id
tags: (6)
- control-plane-tag1
- control-plane-tag2
osImage: (7)
project: example-project-name
name: example-image-name
replicas: 3
compute: (2) (3)
- hyperthreading: Enabled (4)
name: worker
platform:
gcp:
type: n2-standard-4
zones:
- us-central1-a
- us-central1-c
osDisk:
diskType: pd-standard
diskSizeGB: 128
encryptionKey: (5)
kmsKey:
name: worker-key
keyRing: test-machine-keys
location: global
projectID: project-id
tags: (6)
- compute-tag1
- compute-tag2
osImage: (7)
project: example-project-name
name: example-image-name
replicas: 3
metadata:
name: test-cluster (1)
networking: (2)
clusterNetwork:
- cidr: 10.128.0.0/14
hostPrefix: 23
machineNetwork:
- cidr: 10.0.0.0/16
networkType: OVNKubernetes (8)
serviceNetwork:
- 172.30.0.0/16
platform:
gcp:
projectID: openshift-production (1)
region: us-central1 (1)
defaultMachinePlatform:
tags: (6)
- global-tag1
- global-tag2
osImage: (7)
project: example-project-name
name: example-image-name
pullSecret: '{"auths": ...}' (1)
sshKey: ssh-ed25519 AAAA... (9)
1 | Required. The installation program prompts you for this value. | ||
2 | If you do not provide these parameters and values, the installation program provides the default value. | ||
3 | The controlPlane section is a single mapping, but the compute section is a sequence of mappings. To meet the requirements of the different data structures, the first line of the compute section must begin with a hyphen, - , and the first line of the controlPlane section must not. Only one control plane pool is used. |
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4 | Whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or hyperthreading . By default, simultaneous multithreading is enabled to increase the performance of your machines' cores. You can disable it by setting the parameter value to Disabled . If you disable simultaneous multithreading in some cluster machines, you must disable it in all cluster machines.
|
||
5 | Optional: The custom encryption key section to encrypt both virtual machines and persistent volumes. Your default compute service account must have the permissions granted to use your KMS key and have the correct IAM role assigned. The default service account name follows the service-<project_number>@compute-system.iam.gserviceaccount.com pattern. For more information about granting the correct permissions for your service account, see "Machine management" → "Creating compute machine sets" → "Creating a compute machine set on GCP". |
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6 | Optional: A set of network tags to apply to the control plane or compute machine sets. The platform.gcp.defaultMachinePlatform.tags parameter will apply to both control plane and compute machines. If the compute.platform.gcp.tags or controlPlane.platform.gcp.tags parameters are set, they override the platform.gcp.defaultMachinePlatform.tags parameter. |
||
7 | Optional: A custom Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) image for the installation program to use to boot control plane and compute machines. The project and name parameters under platform.gcp.defaultMachinePlatform.osImage apply to both control plane and compute machines. If the project and name parameters under controlPlane.platform.gcp.osImage or compute.platform.gcp.osImage are set, they override the platform.gcp.defaultMachinePlatform.osImage parameters. |
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8 | The cluster network plugin to install. The supported values are OVNKubernetes and OpenShiftSDN . The default value is OVNKubernetes . |
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9 | You can optionally provide the sshKey value that you use to access the machines in your cluster.
|
Production environments can deny direct access to the internet and instead have
an HTTP or HTTPS proxy available. You can configure a new OKD
cluster to use a proxy by configuring the proxy settings in the
install-config.yaml
file.
You have an existing install-config.yaml
file.
You reviewed the sites that your cluster requires access to and determined whether any of them need to bypass the proxy. By default, all cluster egress traffic is proxied, including calls to hosting cloud provider APIs. You added sites to the Proxy
object’s spec.noProxy
field to bypass the proxy if necessary.
The For installations on Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud Platform (GCP), Microsoft Azure, and OpenStack, the |
Edit your install-config.yaml
file and add the proxy settings. For example:
apiVersion: v1
baseDomain: my.domain.com
proxy:
httpProxy: http://<username>:<pswd>@<ip>:<port> (1)
httpsProxy: https://<username>:<pswd>@<ip>:<port> (2)
noProxy: example.com (3)
additionalTrustBundle: | (4)
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
<MY_TRUSTED_CA_CERT>
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
additionalTrustBundlePolicy: <policy_to_add_additionalTrustBundle> (5)
1 | A proxy URL to use for creating HTTP connections outside the cluster. The
URL scheme must be http . |
2 | A proxy URL to use for creating HTTPS connections outside the cluster. |
3 | A comma-separated list of destination domain names, IP addresses, or other network CIDRs to exclude from proxying. Preface a domain with . to match subdomains only. For example, .y.com matches x.y.com , but not y.com . Use * to bypass the proxy for all destinations. |
4 | If provided, the installation program generates a config map that is named user-ca-bundle in
the openshift-config namespace that contains one or more additional CA
certificates that are required for proxying HTTPS connections. The Cluster Network
Operator then creates a trusted-ca-bundle config map that merges these contents
with the Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) trust bundle, and this config map is referenced in the trustedCA field of the Proxy object. The additionalTrustBundle field is required unless
the proxy’s identity certificate is signed by an authority from the FCOS trust
bundle. |
5 | Optional: The policy to determine the configuration of the Proxy object to reference the user-ca-bundle config map in the trustedCA field. The allowed values are Proxyonly and Always . Use Proxyonly to reference the user-ca-bundle config map only when http/https proxy is configured. Use Always to always reference the user-ca-bundle config map. The default value is Proxyonly . |
The installation program does not support the proxy |
If the installer times out, restart and then complete the deployment by using the
|
Save the file and reference it when installing OKD.
The installation program creates a cluster-wide proxy that is named cluster
that uses the proxy
settings in the provided install-config.yaml
file. If no proxy settings are
provided, a cluster
Proxy
object is still created, but it will have a nil
spec
.
Only the |
There are two phases prior to OKD installation where you can customize the network configuration.
You can customize the following network-related fields in the install-config.yaml
file before you create the manifest files:
networking.networkType
networking.clusterNetwork
networking.serviceNetwork
networking.machineNetwork
For more information on these fields, refer to Installation configuration parameters.
Set the |
The CIDR range |
After creating the manifest files by running openshift-install create manifests
, you can define a customized Cluster Network Operator manifest with only the fields you want to modify. You can use the manifest to specify advanced network configuration.
You cannot override the values specified in phase 1 in the install-config.yaml
file during phase 2. However, you can further customize the network plugin during phase 2.
You can use advanced network configuration for your network plugin to integrate your cluster into your existing network environment. You can specify advanced network configuration only before you install the cluster.
Customizing your network configuration by modifying the OKD manifest files created by the installation program is not supported. Applying a manifest file that you create, as in the following procedure, is supported. |
You have created the install-config.yaml
file and completed any modifications to it.
Change to the directory that contains the installation program and create the manifests:
$ ./openshift-install create manifests --dir <installation_directory> (1)
1 | <installation_directory> specifies the name of the directory that contains the install-config.yaml file for your cluster. |
Create a stub manifest file for the advanced network configuration that is named cluster-network-03-config.yml
in the <installation_directory>/manifests/
directory:
apiVersion: operator.openshift.io/v1
kind: Network
metadata:
name: cluster
spec:
Specify the advanced network configuration for your cluster in the cluster-network-03-config.yml
file, such as in the following
examples:
apiVersion: operator.openshift.io/v1
kind: Network
metadata:
name: cluster
spec:
defaultNetwork:
openshiftSDNConfig:
vxlanPort: 4800
apiVersion: operator.openshift.io/v1
kind: Network
metadata:
name: cluster
spec:
defaultNetwork:
ovnKubernetesConfig:
ipsecConfig: {}
Optional: Back up the manifests/cluster-network-03-config.yml
file. The
installation program consumes the manifests/
directory when you create the
Ignition config files.
The configuration for the cluster network is specified as part of the Cluster Network Operator (CNO) configuration and stored in a custom resource (CR) object that is named cluster
. The CR specifies the fields for the Network
API in the operator.openshift.io
API group.
The CNO configuration inherits the following fields during cluster installation from the Network
API in the Network.config.openshift.io
API group and these fields cannot be changed:
clusterNetwork
IP address pools from which pod IP addresses are allocated.
serviceNetwork
IP address pool for services.
defaultNetwork.type
Cluster network plugin, such as OpenShift SDN or OVN-Kubernetes.
You can specify the cluster network plugin configuration for your cluster by setting the fields for the defaultNetwork
object in the CNO object named cluster
.
The fields for the Cluster Network Operator (CNO) are described in the following table:
Field | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
|
|
The name of the CNO object. This name is always |
|
|
A list specifying the blocks of IP addresses from which pod IP addresses are allocated and the subnet prefix length assigned to each individual node in the cluster. For example:
You can customize this field only in the |
|
|
A block of IP addresses for services. The OpenShift SDN and OVN-Kubernetes network plugins support only a single IP address block for the service network. For example:
You can customize this field only in the |
|
|
Configures the network plugin for the cluster network. |
|
|
The fields for this object specify the kube-proxy configuration. If you are using the OVN-Kubernetes cluster network plugin, the kube-proxy configuration has no effect. |
The values for the defaultNetwork
object are defined in the following table:
Field | Type | Description | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Either
|
||
|
|
This object is only valid for the OpenShift SDN network plugin. |
||
|
|
This object is only valid for the OVN-Kubernetes network plugin. |
The following table describes the configuration fields for the OpenShift SDN network plugin:
Field | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
|
|
Configures the network isolation mode for OpenShift SDN. The default value is The values |
|
|
The maximum transmission unit (MTU) for the VXLAN overlay network. This is detected automatically based on the MTU of the primary network interface. You do not normally need to override the detected MTU. If the auto-detected value is not what you expect it to be, confirm that the MTU on the primary network interface on your nodes is correct. You cannot use this option to change the MTU value of the primary network interface on the nodes. If your cluster requires different MTU values for different nodes, you must set this value to This value cannot be changed after cluster installation. |
|
|
The port to use for all VXLAN packets. The default value is If you are running in a virtualized environment with existing nodes that are part of another VXLAN network, then you might be required to change this. For example, when running an OpenShift SDN overlay on top of VMware NSX-T, you must select an alternate port for the VXLAN, because both SDNs use the same default VXLAN port number. On Amazon Web Services (AWS), you can select an alternate port for the VXLAN between port |
defaultNetwork:
type: OpenShiftSDN
openshiftSDNConfig:
mode: NetworkPolicy
mtu: 1450
vxlanPort: 4789
The following table describes the configuration fields for the OVN-Kubernetes network plugin:
Field | Type | Description | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
The maximum transmission unit (MTU) for the Geneve (Generic Network Virtualization Encapsulation) overlay network. This is detected automatically based on the MTU of the primary network interface. You do not normally need to override the detected MTU. If the auto-detected value is not what you expect it to be, confirm that the MTU on the primary network interface on your nodes is correct. You cannot use this option to change the MTU value of the primary network interface on the nodes. If your cluster requires different MTU values for different nodes, you must set this value to |
||
|
|
The port to use for all Geneve packets. The default value is |
||
|
|
Specify an empty object to enable IPsec encryption. |
||
|
|
Specify a configuration object for customizing network policy audit logging. If unset, the defaults audit log settings are used. |
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|
|
Optional: Specify a configuration object for customizing how egress traffic is sent to the node gateway.
|
||
|
If your existing network infrastructure overlaps with the This field cannot be changed after installation. |
The default value is |
||
|
If your existing network infrastructure overlaps with the This field cannot be changed after installation. |
The default value is |
Field | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
|
integer |
The maximum number of messages to generate every second per node. The default value is |
|
integer |
The maximum size for the audit log in bytes. The default value is |
|
integer |
The maximum number of log files that are retained. |
|
string |
One of the following additional audit log targets:
|
|
string |
The syslog facility, such as |
Field | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
|
|
Set this field to This field has an interaction with the Open vSwitch hardware offloading feature.
If you set this field to |
defaultNetwork:
type: OVNKubernetes
ovnKubernetesConfig:
mtu: 1400
genevePort: 6081
ipsecConfig: {}
The values for the kubeProxyConfig
object are defined in the following table:
Field | Type | Description | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
The refresh period for
|
||
|
|
The minimum duration before refreshing
|
You can install OKD on a compatible cloud platform.
You can run the |
Configure an account with the cloud platform that hosts your cluster.
Obtain the OKD installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.
Verify the cloud provider account on your host has the correct permissions to deploy the cluster. An account with incorrect permissions causes the installation process to fail with an error message that displays the missing permissions.
Remove any existing GCP credentials that do not use the service account key for the GCP account that you configured for your cluster and that are stored in the following locations:
The GOOGLE_CREDENTIALS
, GOOGLE_CLOUD_KEYFILE_JSON
, or GCLOUD_KEYFILE_JSON
environment variables
The ~/.gcp/osServiceAccount.json
file
The gcloud cli
default credentials
Change to the directory that contains the installation program and initialize the cluster deployment:
$ ./openshift-install create cluster --dir <installation_directory> \ (1)
--log-level=info (2)
1 | For <installation_directory> , specify the
location of your customized ./install-config.yaml file. |
2 | To view different installation details, specify warn , debug , or
error instead of info . |
Optional: You can reduce the number of permissions for the service account that you used to install the cluster.
If you assigned the Owner
role to your service account, you can remove that role and replace it with the Viewer
role.
If you included the Service Account Key Admin
role,
you can remove it.
When the cluster deployment completes successfully:
The terminal displays directions for accessing your cluster, including a link to the web console and credentials for the kubeadmin
user.
Credential information also outputs to <installation_directory>/.openshift_install.log
.
Do not delete the installation program or the files that the installation program creates. Both are required to delete the cluster. |
...
INFO Install complete!
INFO To access the cluster as the system:admin user when using 'oc', run 'export KUBECONFIG=/home/myuser/install_dir/auth/kubeconfig'
INFO Access the OpenShift web-console here: https://console-openshift-console.apps.mycluster.example.com
INFO Login to the console with user: "kubeadmin", and password: "password"
INFO Time elapsed: 36m22s
|
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) to interact with
OKD
from a command-line interface. You can install oc
on Linux, Windows, or macOS.
If you installed an earlier version of |
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) binary on Linux by using the following procedure.
Navigate to https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/clients/oc/latest/ and choose the folder for your operating system and architecture.
Download oc.tar.gz
.
Unpack the archive:
$ tar xvf <file>
Place the oc
binary in a directory that is on your PATH
.
To check your PATH
, execute the following command:
$ echo $PATH
After you install the OpenShift CLI, it is available using the oc
command:
$ oc <command>
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) binary on Windows by using the following procedure.
Navigate to https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/clients/oc/latest/ and choose the folder for your operating system and architecture.
Download oc.zip
.
Unzip the archive with a ZIP program.
Move the oc
binary to a directory that is on your PATH
.
To check your PATH
, open the command prompt and execute the following command:
C:\> path
After you install the OpenShift CLI, it is available using the oc
command:
C:\> oc <command>
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) binary on macOS by using the following procedure.
Navigate to https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/clients/oc/latest/ and choose the folder for your operating system and architecture.
Download oc.tar.gz
.
Unpack and unzip the archive.
Move the oc
binary to a directory on your PATH.
To check your PATH
, open a terminal and execute the following command:
$ echo $PATH
After you install the OpenShift CLI, it is available using the oc
command:
$ oc <command>
You can log in to your cluster as a default system user by exporting the cluster kubeconfig
file.
The kubeconfig
file contains information about the cluster that is used by the CLI to connect a client to the correct cluster and API server.
The file is specific to a cluster and is created during OKD installation.
You deployed an OKD cluster.
You installed the oc
CLI.
Export the kubeadmin
credentials:
$ export KUBECONFIG=<installation_directory>/auth/kubeconfig (1)
1 | For <installation_directory> , specify the path to the directory that you stored
the installation files in. |
Verify you can run oc
commands successfully using the exported configuration:
$ oc whoami
system:admin
See Accessing the web console for more details about accessing and understanding the OKD web console.
See About remote health monitoring for more information about the Telemetry service
If necessary, you can opt out of remote health reporting.